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断裂力学广义地说是裂纹理论。它是把构件看成是连续和间断的统一体,研究材料抵抗断裂、控制裂纹扩展及防止结构断裂破坏的一门新发展起来的强度科学。 本文则在断裂力学理论基础上,研究了新的裂纹应用技术。也就是设法利用裂纹和裂纹的失稳扩展,以快速、低能耗实现各种材料连续界面的规则分离。这就需要主动设计制造敏感的缺口,设计制造对脆断敏感的应力状态,设计并利用缺口的锐度效应、疲劳效应和设计相应的预荷方式——所有这些统称为“断裂设计”。 本文以机械加工中的断裂设计研究为起点,但其应用前景是很广的;应该说,断裂设计适用于各种固体连续界面分离的加工。
Fracture mechanics is broadly described as crack theory. It treats components as a continuum and discontinuity, and studies a new emerging science of strength that resists fractures, controls crack propagation, and prevents structural failure. Based on the theory of fracture mechanics, this paper studies the new crack application technology. That is, we try to make use of the instability propagation of cracks and cracks to realize the regular separation of continuous interfaces of various materials with fast and low energy consumption. This requires the proactive design and manufacture of sensitive gaps, the design and fabrication of brittle fracture-sensitive stress states, the design and utilization of notch sharpness effects, fatigue effects and design of the corresponding preload method - all of which are collectively referred to as “fracture design.” In this paper, the fracture design in machining as a starting point, but its application prospects are wide; it should be said that the fracture design is suitable for a variety of solid continuous interface separation processing.