论文部分内容阅读
目的了解脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗衍生病毒(VDPV)的发生情况和影响因素,探讨降低VDVP发生的有效措施。方法对口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(OPV)引发的VDVP的分类、发生情况,病毒型别分布,人群分布,OPV免疫剂次与VDVP发生的关系进行综述。结果全球已报告多起疫苗相关性脊灰事件,病毒型别主要为Ⅱ型,其次为Ⅰ型。VDVP的发生主要与疫苗株病毒的基因突变、重组有关。机体免疫缺陷者更易发生。结论在消灭脊灰的后期,消除VDVP将成为消灭脊灰的重要工作内容,为此,有关学者建议停止使用OPV,改用脊灰灭活疫苗或两种疫苗相结合的序贯免疫程序。
Objective To understand the incidence and influencing factors of poliovirus (poliovirus) -derived virus (VDPV) and to explore the effective measures to reduce the occurrence of VDVP. Methods The classification, occurrence, distribution of virus types, population distribution, the relationship between OPV immunization times and VDVP induced by oral administration of live attenuated poliovirus (OPV) were reviewed. Results There were many vaccine-related polio events reported worldwide. The virus type was mainly type II, followed by type I. The occurrence of VDVP is mainly related to the mutation and recombination of vaccine strain virus. Immune deficiencies are more likely to occur. Conclusion In the latter part of eradicating polio, eliminating VDVP will be an important work to eradicate polio. Therefore, some scholars suggested to stop using OPV instead of using polio inactivated vaccine or sequential immunization program combining the two vaccines.