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在城市化的大背景下,针对天津市暴雨洪水的特性,通过建立天津市中心城区及环城四区的SWMM模型并对其进行了率定验证,计算了不同重现期设计暴雨下的降雨径流,对比了城市实际排水管网能力。结果表明,城市现状排水管网排水能力不足,大部分地区遭遇强降雨时形成的径流过程超出了控制泵站的排水能力。针对这一情况,设计利用低影响开发措施(LID)中的生物滞留区与透水铺装措施来控制洪峰及径流总量。结果表明,LID控制措施能有效削减洪峰及径流总量达40%,但随着所遭遇设计暴雨重现期的增大,削减效果有所下降。
In the background of urbanization, aiming at the characteristics of storm flood in Tianjin, the SWMM model of downtown Tianjin and four districts around the city was established and rate-verified. The rainfalls under different design periods were calculated Runoff, compared to the actual city drainage network capacity. The results show that the discharge capacity of urban drainage network is not enough, and the runoff formed in the severe rainfall in most areas exceeds the drainage capacity of the control pumping station. In response to this situation, bioretention zones and permeable paving measures in low-impact development (LID) were designed to control the total number of flood peaks and runoff. The results show that LID control can effectively reduce the total floods and runoff by 40%, but the reduction effect decreases as the recurrence of design torrential rain encounters.