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目的通过调查儿童监护人预防接种的知识、态度和行为的水平及信息获取途径,旨在发现影响儿童监护人接种行为的关键因素,为开发有针对性的宣传提供依据。方法调查北京市西城区200名儿童监护人,描述分析监护人的知识、态度、行为及信息获取途径。结果儿童监护人对常识类知识的知晓率较高(76.5%~97%),不良反应和脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗(IPV)疫苗知识的知晓率较低(分别为39.5%和56%),母亲和高学历监护人知晓率水平较高。医生为监护人获取预防接种信息的最信任的途径,监护人倾向于从预防接种证(64.5%)、医生(61.5%)和宣传手册(37.5%)3种途径获取信息。结论为了更好地开展预防接种工作,政府需加大对公共卫生的投入及宣传力度。免疫预防工作者应广泛宣传疫苗知识、不良反应及相关政策等,应采取多途径、有重点(医生、预防接种证及宣传手册)的宣传。
Objective To find out the key factors affecting the vaccination of guardians of children by investigating the level of knowledge, attitude and behavior of vaccination of guardians of children and the ways of obtaining information, so as to provide basis for developing targeted propaganda. Methods Investigate 200 guardians of children in Xicheng District of Beijing, and describe and analyze guardian’s knowledge, attitude, behavior and ways of obtaining information. Results The awareness rate of children’s guardians in knowledge of common sense was high (76.5% -97%), that of knowledge of adverse reactions and inactivated poliomyelitis (IPV) vaccines was low (39.5% and 56% respectively), and that of mothers And highly educated guardians awareness of the higher level. Doctors are the most trusted ways for guardians to get information on vaccinations. Guardians tend to get information from vaccination certificates (64.5%), doctors (61.5%) and leaflets (37.5%). Conclusion In order to better carry out vaccination work, the government needs to increase investment and public health efforts. Immunization workers should widely publicize vaccine knowledge, adverse reactions and related policies. Multi-channel vaccinations should be conducted with emphasis (doctors, vaccination certificates and leaflets).