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赤小豆为豆科植物赤小豆phaseolus calcaratus Roxb.或赤豆(饭赤豆)pangularis wight的干燥成熟种子。本品性善下行。内能通利水道,使水湿下泄而消胖,昧甘能补为滋养性的利水消肿药,外可清血分热毒,为常用中药。笔者近年采在湖北、湖南、河南地区曾先后发现将其同科植物相思豆Abrus precatorius L·的种子与赤小豆误用或混淆情况,而导致中毒。为保证临床用药准确无误,现将赤小豆与相思子的植物来源、药材性状进行对比鉴别研究叙述如下。
Chixiaodou is a dry mature seed of legume Phaseolus calcaratus Roxb. or Adzuki bean (Peng Bean) pangularis wight. This product is good and down. The internal water channel can make the water wet and drain and eliminate fat, and the water can be used as a nourishment agent for diuresis and swelling, and the blood can be divided into heat and toxic. It is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. In recent years, the author has found that in Hubei, Hunan, and Henan provinces, the seeds of the same family of Acacia albus precatorius L. were found to have been misused or confused, resulting in poisoning. In order to ensure the accuracy of clinical drug use, the comparative studies on the plant sources and medicinal properties of Chixiaodou and Xiangxizi are now described as follows.