论文部分内容阅读
1.对山东农学院实习农场等四个乔砧密植苹果、梨树试验园的资料进行统计分析,着重研究了树干粗度与产量,负荷与稳产,结果数与果实大小之间的相关关系。2.幼树开始多量结果时的树干粗度与单株累积产量间呈明显的正相关;与结果几年后果园中的弱树株率呈负相关,易生腋花芽的辽伏苹果,其座果和结实比成花要求更大些的干粗。因此,为争取丰产并提高果园经济效益,密植栽培应以养壮树为前提,过早过多结果是不利的。3.树干单位截面积上的负荷果数与二年间产量的增长率呈显著的负相关,有利稳定增产的合理负荷量为3～4个果/平方厘米。负荷量与单果重之间亦为负相关,金冠苹果和鸭梨3～4个果/平方厘米树干截面积,能保证果实达到商品要求(0.35斤/个)。综合丰产与果实大小三个方面,提出确定密植果园合理负荷量的公式:单株留果数=(0.28±0.04)C~2a(C 为干周长度,a 为保险系数,疏花时取1.3,疏果时取1.1)。由于每一果园中砧穗、栽培条件等不一,公式尚只有参考意义,其适用的范围有待于各地进一步研究检验。
The statistical analysis was made on the data of four plantations of apple and pear trees, such as the internship farm of Shandong Agricultural College. The research focused on the correlation between the thickness and yield, load and stable yield, the number of fruits and the size of the fruit. There was a positive correlation between the trunk thickness and the cumulative yield per plant when young trees began to have a large number of results; negatively correlated with the percentage of weak trees in the orchard in the results a few years later, Fruit and fruiting than the flowers require more dry thick. Therefore, in order to strive for high yield and improve the economic benefits of orchards, dense planting should be based on the premier culture of strong trees. Too early to bear fruit is unfavorable. 3. The number of load per unit area of trunk unit was significantly negatively correlated with the rate of increase of output in two years, and a reasonable load of 3 ~ 4 fruit per square centimeter for stable and stable yield increase. There was also a negative correlation between the load and fruit weight, and the cross-sectional area of 3 to 4 fruit / cm 2 of Golden Delicious apple and pear could ensure that the fruit reached the commodity requirement (0.35 kg / body). According to the comprehensive yield and fruit size, the formula to determine the reasonable loading of dense orchards was put forward: the number of fruit per plant = (0.28 ± 0.04) C ~ 2a (C is the length of dry week, a is the insurance coefficient, 1.3 , When thinning take 1.1). Because each anvil in the orchard, cultivation conditions vary, the formula is only for reference, the scope of its application to be further studied around the test.