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自决原则在成为国际法上的制度/规则之前,首先是一种政治理念;它暗示所有拥有共同身份认同的“人民”可以通过行使集体意志来取得他们所处地区的领土主权。现有关于自决原则的研究均忽视了自决背后的政治目标即各非国家行为人对于领土的诉求,因此也未能理解自决制度。从领土问题的角度来考察自决,有助于我们认清自决原则对于传统国际法领土制度所发挥的重塑作用,同时也能帮助我们理解类型化的历史情景(即非殖民化进程)及其特殊规范框架对于自决原则有序落实的重要意义。通过检视自决原则在殖民地背景特别是非洲殖民地中的适用,我们方能了解后殖民时代中自决原则适用所可能面临的诸多不确定性与前后矛盾问题。重新设计自决权实施的构成要件、特别是将“人民”对土地的历史纽带纳入作为判断自决原则适用与否的标准,在实体意义上与程序意义上均存在巨大困难,也无助于国际社会解决自决理念所激发的矛盾与冲突。
The principle of self-determination, before becoming a system / rule in international law, is above all a political one; it implies that all “people” who share a common identity can exercise their collective will to obtain the territorial sovereignty of the territory in which they live. All the existing studies on the principle of self-determination neglect the political goal behind self-determination, that is, the demands of non-state actors on territories and hence their failure to understand the system of self-determination. Examining self-determination from a territorial point of view helps us understand clearly the reinvention of the principle of self-determination for the territorial system of traditional international law and at the same time helps us to understand the typological historical context (ie, the decolonization process) and its special The importance of a normative framework for the orderly implementation of the principle of self-determination. By examining the application of the principle of self-determination in the colonial context, especially in the African colonies, we can understand the many uncertainties and contradictions that may lie in the application of the principle of self-determination in the post-colonial era. Redesigning the elements of the implementation of the right to self-determination, especially the incorporation of the “people’s” historical bond of land as a criterion for judgments on the application of the principle of self-determination have great difficulties both substantively and procedurally, The conflicts and conflicts inspired by the international community in solving the concept of self-determination.