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初中阶段的学生正处于由具体形象思维向抽象思维发展的一个重要阶段,培养学生的分析、概括能力和逻辑思维能力,逐步形成质疑、反思的科学思维显得尤为重要。科学知识往往隐藏在科学现象中,透过科学现象揭示科学本质的过程即为说理,说理的过程是对科学概念的理解与知识的建构,也是学生科学思维表达的过程。为了帮助学生更好地理解众多的科学本质,理解科学的核心概念,归纳和总结出一些解题的步骤和方法进行教学,通过分析已知条件和结论,用科学的概念、原理、知识,清楚地从条件推导出结论,使科学知识学习显性化、可视化,从而有效地改变学生的认知方式,促使学生概念的转变,提升学生对科学知识的学习力。
Junior high school students are in an important stage from the concrete image thinking to the abstract thinking development, training students in the ability of analysis, generalization and logical thinking, and gradually formed into questions, reflecting the scientific thinking is particularly important. Scientific knowledge is often hidden in scientific phenomena. The process of revealing the nature of science through scientific phenomena is justification. The process of reasoning is the construction of knowledge of scientific concepts and knowledge, as well as the process of students’ scientific thinking. In order to help students better understand the numerous scientific essences, understand the core concepts of science, summarize and summarize some steps and methods of problem solving for teaching, and analyze the known conditions and conclusions, and use scientific concepts, principles and knowledge to clearly understand From the conditions to derive the conclusion that the scientific knowledge of learning explicit, visualization, thus effectively changing the cognitive style of students to promote the concept of change students and enhance students’ ability to learn of scientific knowledge.