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【目的】探讨血清蛋白电泳单克隆条带的检出在多发性骨髓瘤（MM）诊断中的临床价值。【方法】本院103例MM患者作为观察组，同期体检的健康人群100例作为对照组，比较两组血清蛋白电泳单克隆条带的检出情况。【结果】MM患者分泌的M蛋白以IgG型为主，其次为IgA型。MM患者白蛋白［31.40（25.80~35.80）］g/L表达量低于对照组［46.00（44.00~47.00）］g/L，球蛋白表达量［45.44（30.70~54.30）］g/L高于对照组［26.67（25.00~29.00）］g/L，两种蛋白检测结果比较差异均有显著性(均P<0.05）。MM患者的免疫球蛋白含量与M蛋白分型呈正相关。IgG型有89.58%（43/48）的M蛋白条带出现在γ区，IgA型有53.57%（15/28）的M蛋白条带出现在β区，IgM型M条带均出现在γ区，轻链型M蛋白条带检出率较低。血清蛋白电泳对M蛋白条带的检出阳性率为82.52%（85/103）高于免疫球蛋白定量对M蛋白的检出率71.84%（74/103），两种方法比较差异有显著性（χ2=29.607，P<0.05）。【结论】通过血清蛋白电泳对M蛋白条带的检出，可有效提高MM的检出率，避免无效的骨髓穿刺给患者带来的诊疗负担。|%【Objective】To investigate the clinical value of monoclonal bands detected by serum protein electrophoresis for multiple myeloma（MM）diagnosis. 【Methods】A total of 103 patients with MM in our hospital were selected as the experimental group and 100 healthy volunteers of physical examination as the control group. Detection of monoclonal bands by serum protein electrophoresis was compared between the two groups. 【Results】The M protein secreted by MM patients was mainly IgG type, followed by IgA type. The albumin level of patients with multiple myeloma was ［31.40 (25.80~35.80)］ g/L, which was lower than that of the control group ［46.00 (44.00~47.00)］ g/L. The globulin expression level was ［45.44 (30.70~54.30)］ g/L, which was higher than that of the control group ［26.67 (25.00~29.00)］ g/L. The differences of the two protein detection results between the two groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The immunoglobulin content of patients with MM is positively correlated with M protein type. In IgG type, 89.58% (43/48) of M protein bands appeared in the γ region. In IgA type, 53.57% (15/28) of M protein bands appeared in the β region. In IgM type, all of M protein bands appeared in the γ zone. The detection rate of the light chain of M protein bands were low. The positive rate of serum protein electrophoresis for M protein bands was 82.52% (85/103),which was higher than that of immunoglobulin quantitative detection for M protein 71.84% (74/103). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of M protein between the two methods (χ2=29.607,P<0.05). 【Conclusion】Detection of M protein bands by serum protein electrophoresis can effectively improve the detection rate of multiple myeloma. Thus it can avoid the burden of diagnosis and treatment caused by ineffective bone marrow puncture.