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消化性溃疡的发病因素及发病机制是复杂的,近年来的研究有了较大进展,概括起来,溃疡的发生主要是由于外来的或自身的侵袭性损害因素及机体的保．护性防御因素二者不平衡所致。损害因素有:①盐酸与胃蛋白酶直接或间接地对粘膜损害;②精神神经刺激,导致植物神经功能紊乱,特别是迷走神经兴奋,可引起胃液(胃酸及胃蛋白酶)分泌的增加以及平滑肌痉挛;③胃泌素,作用于胃壁细胞和主细胞,分泌胃酸和胃蛋白酶元;④胃粘膜壁细胞数量,决定着胃酸的分泌量;⑤胆汁返流,破坏胃粘膜屏障,H~+离子逆向弥散。防御因素包括有:①胃粘膜屏障,包括粘液性屏障及粘膜细胞屏障两层;⑦胃粘膜营养;③粘膜微循环;④胃液分
The pathogenesis and pathogenesis of peptic ulcer are complex. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research. In summary, the occurrence of ulcer is mainly due to external or own invasive damage factors and the body’s security. Protective defensive factors due to the imbalance between the two. Damage factors are: ① hydrochloric acid and pepsin directly or indirectly on the mucosal damage; ② nerve stimulation, leading to autonomic dysfunction, especially vagus nerve excitability, can cause increased gastric juice (gastric acid and pepsin) secretion and smooth muscle spasm; ③ Gastrin, gastric parietal cells and host cells, the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin yuan; ④ the number of gastric mucosa wall cells, determines the secretion of gastric acid; ⑤ bile reflux, destruction of gastric mucosal barrier, H ~ + ions reverse dispersion. Defensive factors include: ① gastric mucosal barrier, including the mucous barrier and mucosal cell barrier two; ⑦ gastric mucosal nutrition; ③ mucosal microcirculation; ④ gastric juice