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近代,随着金属材料断裂力学的研究和应用,业已证明,非金属夹杂物在钢破坏过程中的主导作用。靠近夹杂物处的位错高度集中,产生集中应力而形成显微裂纹,导致金属破坏。裂纹的形成和发展,在很大程度上取决于夹杂物的形态、大小、数量和分布特点,尖角形成大块的夹杂物特别有害,最易造成应力集中。此外,从裂纹产生的随机过程来看,夹杂物愈多,裂纹发生愈早,传播愈快。改进铸钢质量的方向,一为最大限度的降低钢中氧、硫、磷含量,提高铸钢的纯洁度,二为对钢液进行复合脱氧与变质处理,以改善
In modern times, with the research and application of the fracture mechanics of metal materials, it has been proved that the non-metallic inclusions play a leading role in the process of steel failure. The dislocations near the inclusions are highly concentrated, resulting in concentrated stress and the formation of micro-cracks, resulting in metal damage. The formation and development of cracks depend largely on the morphology, size, quantity and distribution of inclusions. The formation of sharp inclusions at sharp corners is particularly harmful and the most likely cause of stress concentration. In addition, from the random process of crack generation, the more inclusions, the sooner the crack occurs and the faster the propagation. To improve the quality of the direction of the steel, one for the maximum reduction of oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus content in steel to improve the purity of steel, the second is the complex liquid steel deoxidation and metamorphic treatment to improve