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井厚层软弱复合顶板巷道围岩,单一长度的锚索加强支护,形不成稳固的承载结构,导致下位岩层离层,巷道围岩继续变形和破坏.提出了梯次支护原理,首先采用锚杆支护在巷道顶板浅部围岩造壳(一阶支护),再采用短锚索支护控制顶板中下部软弱煤岩形成二次强化锚固承载结构(二阶支护),再应用长锚索对已形成的二阶锚固承载体向顶板上部深层煤岩体实施整体组合锚固(三阶支护),在顶板岩层中形成一定厚度和承载强度的具有组合锚固效应的阶梯式立体支护结构,并对其支护力学原理进行了理论分析.该支护技术成功应用于淮南顾桥煤矿11151轨道顺槽,其巷道顶板浅部围岩离层分别为10和14 mm左右,深部围岩离层最大值为23 mm.
The surrounding rock of well thick soft composite roof roadway and the single length of anchor cable reinforce the support, which can not form a stable bearing structure, leading to the sub-layer rock formation leaving and the surrounding rock of the roadway continuing to be deformed and destroyed. Shaft support in the shallow roof of the roadway roof rock making (first-order support), and then use the short cable anchor support roof and lower soft coal rock formation secondary reinforcement anchor load-bearing structure (second-order support), and then the application of long Anchoring cable carries out integral anchorage (third-order support) to the already-formed second-order anchor bearing body to the deep coal-rock body in the upper part of the roof, and forms a stepped solid support with combined anchoring effect in the roof rock strata with a certain thickness and bearing strength Structure and its supporting mechanics theory is analyzed theoretically.It has been successfully applied to 11151 track in Huqiao Guqiao Coal Mine.The surrounding rock of the shallow roof of the roadway is about 10 and 14 mm respectively.The deep surrounding rock The maximum separation is 23 mm.