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目的:分析儿童药品不良反应(ADR)发生的规律与特点,为临床用药提出合理化建议与参考。方法:统计、分析我院2013年1月至2014年11月上报的423例ADR报告,包括患儿的年龄、性别、给药方法、药品分类、累及器官或系统、临床症状以及新的严重的ADR。结果:423例ADR报告中,男女比例为1∶0.79,抗菌药物引起ADR共计157例,占37.12%,静脉注射引发的ADR占71.63%,ADR累及皮肤及附件占总例数的83.68%。结论:儿童专科医院更应该加强ADR监管工作,尤其是把握静脉注射抗生素及中药注射剂的使用指征,减少儿童ADR的发生率。
Objective: To analyze the regularity and characteristics of ADR in children and to provide reasonable suggestions and references for clinical medication. Methods: A total of 423 ADR cases reported from January 2013 to November 2014 in our hospital were analyzed statistically. The data included age, sex, method of administration, drug classification, organ or systemic involvement, clinical symptoms and new serious ADR. Results: In 423 cases of ADR, the ratio of male to female was 1: 0.79. There were 157 cases of ADR caused by antibiotics, accounting for 37.12%. The ADR caused by intravenous injection accounted for 71.63%. ADR involved the skin and accessories accounted for 83.68% of the total cases. Conclusion: Children’s specialist hospitals should strengthen the supervision of ADR, in particular, grasp the indications of intravenous antibiotics and Chinese medicine injections and reduce the incidence of ADR in children.