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第二讲基本经济单位行为目标的分析西方经济学一般从解释价格制度与资源分配入手来剖析社会经济行为。为了更清晰地了解这种论证、分析的基础,有必要弄清楚经济体系中的基本经济单位是什么,什么是这些单位的行为目标?以及他们彼此之间市场关系的性质。基本的决策单位基本决策单位或基本经济单位可分为三类:第一类是进行消费活动的单位,主要指家庭及消费者个人。他们具有选择职业和选择消费方式的自由。第二类是生产要素的所有主。他们拥有土地、劳动力,资本财或货币资本的所有权,能向企业厂商提
Chapter II Analysis of Behavioral Targets of Basic Economic Units Western economics generally analyzes the social and economic behaviors from explaining the price system and resource allocation. In order to understand more clearly the basis of such argument and analysis, it is necessary to understand what are the basic economic units in the economic system and what are the behavioral objectives of these units and the nature of their market relations with each other. Basic decision-making units Basic decision-making units or basic economic units can be divided into three categories: The first category is the unit of consumer activity, mainly refers to families and consumers. They have the freedom to choose their careers and how they choose to spend. The second category is all the main elements of production. They have the ownership of land, labor, capital or currency capital