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本文以民国时期的山西《代州冯氏族谱》为中心,考察代州冯氏的发展历史以及宗族建设的情况,分析该家族得以兴盛的原因。笔者认为,代州冯氏在明中期作为军户由山东寿光迁居山西代州,后由经营盐业积累了大量财富,为族人进行科举考试奠定了物质基础。代州冯氏从第四世开始兴起,科甲蝉联,成为代州望族。兴盛之后的冯氏族人进行续修族谱等宗族建设活动,提升冯氏宗族在当地的地位与影响力。此外,每逢朝代更替的变革时期,该宗族都能够迅速、主动地向新政权靠拢,使冯氏宗族得以绵延四百余年仍然名人辈出。不过,从总体上来看,冯氏宗族的物质设施不是非常完备,祭田很少,但是在族人的日常生活中,宗族观念也有相当的表现,一定程度上反映出北方宗族的某些特点。
Based on the “Genealogical Genealogical Tree of Dai Feng” in Shanxi during the Republic of China, this essay examines the history of Feng’s development in Dai Zhou and the situation of clan construction, and analyzes the reason why the family flourished. The author believes that in the mid Ming dynasty, as a military home, Feng Shouguang moved to Dai Zhou in Shanxi Province. After that, he accumulated a great deal of wealth by operating the salt industry and laid the material foundation for tribal civil examinations. Dai Feng from the fourth generation began to rise, Section A reelection, to become a descendant of the state. After the flourishing of the von clan for family genealogy renewal activity, to enhance the clan’s status and influence in the area. In addition, during the changing period of dynastic change, the clans were able to swiftly and proactively move closer to the new regime, leaving the Feng clan still alive for more than 400 years. However, on the whole, the material facilities of the Feng clan are not very complete and there are few sacrificial ceremonies. However, in the daily life of the tribe, the concept of clan also has considerable performance, which to some extent reflects some characteristics of the northern clan.