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目的:探寻下落在内翻结合跖屈表面时踝关节运动学参数和腓肠肌内侧、腓骨长肌、胫骨前肌的肌电活动情况。方法:12名运动员从30 cm高度下落时3种不同条件的表面:平面、25°内翻表面、25°内翻结合25°跖屈表面,每种条件分别采集5次落地。用单因素方差分析运动学参数,同时采用3×3双因素方差分析3种肌肉的积分肌电值(p<0.05)。结果:积分肌电值结果显示不同肌肉和表面之间存在交互作用。下落于平面时胫骨前肌的肌电活动高于另两种表面。相比较平面,下落于内翻表面的最大内翻角度和角速度明显提高,但腓骨长肌的肌电活动却相似。此外,下落于内翻结合跖屈的表面,其腓肠肌的积分肌电、踝关节的跖屈角度和内翻的关节活动度明显高于25°的内翻表面。结论:与单纯的内翻表面相比,内翻结合跖屈的表面在下落时会产生更不稳定的落地状况,从而更易造成踝关节扭伤。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the kinematic parameters of ankle joint, the medial side of the gastrocnemius muscle, the long muscle of the peroneal muscle and the myoelectrical activity of the anterior tibial muscle in the process of falling to the surface of the plantar flexion combined with plantarflexion. Methods: The surface of 12 athletes who dropped from 30 cm in height were planted, flattened, 25 ° varus, 25 ° varus combined with 25 ° plantar flexion. Five conditions were collected for each landing. Kinetic parameters were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and the integral EMG of three muscles was analyzed by 3 × 3 two-way ANOVA (p <0.05). Results: The integral myoelectricity results showed that there was an interaction between different muscles and the surface. The electromyographic activity of the tibialis anterior muscle was higher in the plane than in the other two surfaces. Compared with the flat surface, the maximum varus angle and angular velocity on the varus surface were significantly improved, but the myoelectrical activity of the long fibula was similar. In addition, the varus of the gastrocnemius, the plantar flexion angle of the ankle, and the degree of articulation of the varus were significantly higher than those at the 25 ° varus surface. CONCLUSIONS: The varus-coupled plantar flexion surface produces more unstable landing conditions as compared to a simple varus surface and is more likely to cause ankle sprain.