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皮肤是机体与环境之间的重要屏障,环境中的化学物质可以不同速率透过皮肤进入体内。职业性接触农药时,经皮肤吸收是主要途径。职业性接触毒物的危险度评价,通常根据成人的研究结果,年龄对化学物经皮吸收影响的资料较少,近年有关的研究报告也无统一意见。本文选用幼年(33天)和成年(82天)雌性F344大鼠,14种化学结构不同的~(14)C-标记农药,包括有机磷酸酯类(对硫磷、毒死蜱)、氨基甲酸酯类(西维因、呋喃丹)、有机金属(甲胂一钠、甲胂二钠)、氯化烃类(开蓬、氯杀螨)、生物杀虫剂(烟碱、二氯苯醚菊酯)、硝基酚类(地乐酚)、三嗪(莠去津)、以及克菌丹和灭菌丹等。多数~(14)C-标记农药溶于丙酮,涂布在大鼠去毛的背部皮肤,幼鼠和成鼠的涂药面积分
Skin is an important barrier between the body and the environment, chemicals in the environment at different rates through the skin into the body. Occupational exposure to pesticides, the absorption of the skin is the main way. The risk of occupational exposure to poisons is usually based on the results of studies done by adults. However, there is little data on the effects of age on the transdermal absorption of chemicals. There is no consensus on the research reports in recent years. In this study, 14 F-34 female and 34 adult C-labeled pesticides with different chemical structures, including organophosphates (parathion, chlorpyrifos), carbamates (Carvedilol, carbofuran), organometallics (metacosole monosodium arsine), chlorinated hydrocarbons (chlorothalonil, chlorimulone), biocides (nicotine, permethrin ), Nitrophenols (diphenols), triazines (atrazine), as well as captan and bacteriocid. The majority of ~ (14) C-labeled pesticides were dissolved in acetone, applied to the back skin of the rats for dehairing, and the area of application of the young rats and adult rats