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针对受扰条件下的步态失稳现象,国内外学者已做了一定的研究工作,但有关失稳过程中自主平衡行为与表面肌电信号及步态参数之间的表征关系却鲜有涉及。本文将步态分析与肌电信号分析相结合,研究在水平步道行走时,足跟着地后发生意外滑动的情况下,人体下肢关节和肌群的自主平衡调节机制。本文募集10位健康受试者,统一着鞋,采集分析了在干燥步道和油面步道两种不同行走条件下的下肢关节力矩、关节角度和主要参与肌群表面肌电信号等参数的变化规律。研究表明:发生意外滑动时人体通过增大踝关节背屈力矩、髋关节和膝关节伸直力矩与膝关节伸直角度,并及时调整相关肌肉激活延迟时间(依次激活胫骨前肌→股直肌→腓肠肌→股二头肌)来调节身体重心位置以维持平衡、避免滑倒。本文的研究结果可为防止滑跌损伤、康复训练以及下肢助行装置的研发等领域开拓新的思路并提供一定参考价值。
In view of the phenomenon of gait instability under disturbed conditions, some researches have been done by scholars at home and abroad. However, the relationship between autonomic balance behavior and surface EMG and gait parameters is rarely involved in the process of instability . This paper combines gait analysis and EMG analysis to study the autonomic balance regulation mechanism of human lower extremity joints and muscles under the condition of accidental sliding after heel strike. In this paper, 10 healthy subjects were recruited, shoes were unifinished, and the law of lower limb joint torque, joint angle and the main parameters involved in muscle EMG under dry walking and oil surface walk were collected and analyzed . The research shows that in the event of an accidental sliding, the human body increases the ankle dorsiflexion moment, the extension moment of the hip joint and the knee and the knee joint extension angle, and adjusts the relevant muscle activation delay time (in turn activates the tibialis anterior muscle → rectus femoris muscle → gastrocnemius → biceps femoris) to adjust the position of the body center of gravity to maintain the balance, to avoid slipping. The results of this study can open up new ideas and provide some reference value in the fields of preventing slip injury, rehabilitation training and the research and development of lower extremity walking aids.