纳撒尼尔·霍桑

• 作 者: 豪·路·博尔赫斯 王永年
• 出 处: 世界文学
• 发表日期: 1992年03期
• 关键词: 纳撒尼尔·霍桑 霍桑 博尔赫斯 拉丁美洲文学 卡夫卡 短篇小说 叔本华 民族自信心 那种 外凡

大凡文坛大师无不具有不可抗拒的个人魅力,阿根廷著名作家豪尔赫·路易斯·博尔赫斯(Jorge Luís Borges,1899-1986)的魅力在于他的渊博、睿智、飘逸超脱,对此我们中国读者已有所领略并为之叹服。说博尔赫斯博览群书学贯东西,似乎并不能准确地概括出他的基本形象,事实上他属于那种毕生与书籍为伍,全身心地遨游于知识的迷宫,穷究个人与宇宙、个人与自我这类深奥哲理的智者,对身边复杂的社会现实和政治历史的进程不甚理解,或者说缺乏兴趣,偶发政见也不得要领,招来物议,然而古往今来凡是形成文字的人类智慧结晶,他却如数家珍,融汇贯通。他具有非凡的思辨和想象能力,崇尚玄学,对休谟、叔本华乃至庄子着迷,并以怀疑论和玄学的眼光观察和思考问题,因而视角独特,立论每有新意,虚构想象绝不落俗。但归根结蒂他是位文学家而非哲学家,他将自己的思考和感受化作诗歌、短篇小说和散文,三者各具特色,又彼此沟通,共同点在于作品的思想和那种学者的书卷气。本期我们介绍给读者的博尔赫斯论及文学的几篇散文可以说充分展示了作家的魅力。他对霍桑,对卡夫卡的深刻理解,他关于文学是梦的精辟阐述,他面对西方以至全人类文化的那种民族自信心和自豪感,无不基于渊博的学识和对事物包括人生的独到思考,读后令人耳目一新。《纳撒尼尔·霍桑’,)(Nathaniel Hawthorne),《卡夫卡及其先驱一音;)(kafka yst!s grecnrsores)和崔阿根廷作家与传统:)< I;1escraorargentino } la tradition)系王永年先生译自西班牙布鲁格拉出版社1980年出版的《博尔赫斯散文全集》(Prosa eompleta,JO:gP LllIE LOI’}0eE},并将收入中国西班牙、葡萄牙、拉丁美洲天学研究会编选、云南人民又学出版社出版的‘·拉丁美洲文学丛书“之一一一博尔赫斯小说、诗歌、散文集:《巴比伦彩票》(王永车}勒,《<聊斋>序》则由赵振江先生根据从国外凡经周折弄到的一木西斑牙文《聊青分译出。 Almost all literary masters are all irresistible charisma, the famous Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges (Jorge Luís Borges, 1899-1986) charm lies in his profound, wise, elegant and detached, which we Chinese readers Has been appreciated and admired. It is not clear that Borges looked at his books in a profound way and did not seem able to accurately outline his basic image. In fact, he belongs to the kind of life-long books he has traveled all through his maze of knowledge, his study of individuals and the universe, individuals The wise man with such deep-seated philosophies as himself and himself does not quite understand or even lack interest in the complicated social reality and the history of politics. However, even though political wisdom has never been claimed, If the number of home-made, get through. He possesses extraordinary ability of speculation and imagination, advocates metaphysics, is fascinated by Hume, Schopenhauer and even Zhuangzi, observes and ponders questions with skepticism and metaphysics, and thus has a unique perspective. . But in the end he is a writer rather than a philosopher, he will be his thoughts and feelings into poetry, short stories and essays, each with its own characteristics, but also communicate with each other, the common point is that the works of thought and the kind of scholars Book gas. This issue we introduce to readers Borges theory of literature on several essays can be said to fully demonstrate the writer’s charm. His profound understanding of Hawthorne, Kafka, his insightful description of literature as a dream, his self-confidence and pride in the face of the national culture of the West and all mankind are all based on profound knowledge and understanding of everything, including life The unique thinking, after reading refreshing. Nathaniel Hawthorne, ”Kafka and his pioneers; kafka yst! Grecnrsores and Cui Argentine writers and traditions:)