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引言通常情况下,生物传感器是由两部份组成:固定的生物催化剂(各种酶)和电化学元件。各种不同的生物传感器已研制出来,用在临床,发酵和环境分析等场合。最近在临床运用方面,对生物传感器提出了新的要求,即小型化和多功能化。于是半导体元件就被引入生物传感器范围。在这些生物传感器中,人们广泛研究的是酶场效应管(ENFET),就是把生物传感器中的电化学元件用一种特殊的MOS元件(Ir-MOS电容就是其中之一)来代替。现在已经能用酶场效应管来检测青霉素,葡萄糖,尿素,乙
Introduction Normally, biosensors are made up of two parts: fixed biocatalysts (enzymes) and electrochemical elements. A variety of different biosensors have been developed for use in clinical, fermentation and environmental analysis applications. Recently in the clinical application, biosensors have put forward new requirements, namely miniaturization and multi-function. The semiconductor device is then introduced into the biosensor range. Among these biosensors, a widely studied ENFET is that the electrochemical device in the biosensor is replaced by a special MOS device (one of the Ir-MOS capacitors). Enzymes have now been used to detect penicillin, glucose, urea, and B