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2010年入汛以来,长江流域在降雨量仅比常年同期偏多14.7%的情况下发生了严重的洪水灾害。为了进一步认识水土流失与长江流域洪灾的关系,从源头和根本上综合防治洪灾,分析了人为因素对长江流域洪水的影响。结果发现:长江流域森林植被系统受损,蓄水拦洪能力减弱;土壤侵蚀严重,土壤水库功能弱化;水库蓄水能力低,河系湖泊失调;开发建设项目造成新的水土流失,加剧了河道淤积等都与洪灾有着十分密切的联系。在此基础上提出了长江流域洪灾综合防治的对策和相关建议。
Since the beginning of the flood season in 2010, a serious flood disaster has occurred in the Yangtze River basin with rainfall of only 14.7% over the same period of previous years. In order to further understand the relationship between soil erosion and floods in the Yangtze River Basin, flood and flood control in the Yangtze River Basin is analyzed from the source and fundamental flood control. The results showed that: the vegetation system in the Yangtze River valley was impaired, the capability of waterlogging and flood control weakened; the soil erosion was serious, the function of soil reservoir was weakened; the impoundment capacity of the reservoir was low and the lakes of the river system were out of balance; the new soil and water loss resulted from the development and construction project, Sedimentation and floods are very closely linked. Based on this, the countermeasures and comprehensive suggestions on flood control in the Yangtze River Basin are put forward.