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目的:总结正畸固定矫治中出现的黏膜损害的原因并提出相应的处理方法。方法:随机选择正畸固定矫治患者137例,其中Ⅰ类错癙59例、Ⅱ类错癙45例、Ⅲ类错癙33例,记录矫治中出现黏膜损害的部位并分析其原因。结果:137例中有76例(55.5%)出现黏膜损害,其中Ⅰ类错癙患者出现黏膜损害38例(64%),Ⅱ类24例(53%),Ⅲ类13例(39%),Ⅰ类错癙的黏膜损害主要集中在尖牙、双尖牙区,Ⅱ、Ⅲ类错癙的黏膜损害主要集中在前牙区。磨牙区的黏膜损害和错癙类型无明显相关。造成黏膜损害的因素主要有托槽、颊管,结扎丝及弓丝等。结论:不同类型的错癙其黏膜损害部位有所不同,而造成黏膜损害的病因亦有不同,处理方法亦有所差异。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the causes of mucosal damage during orthodontic fixation and to propose corresponding treatment methods. Methods: A total of 137 orthodontic patients were randomly selected. Among them, 59 were type Ⅰ malocclusion, 45 were class Ⅱ malocclusion, and 33 were class Ⅲ malocclusion. The site of mucosal lesion was recorded and the causes were analyzed. Results: Mucosal damage occurred in 76 of 137 patients (55.5%). Among them, mucosal damage was found in 38 patients (64%), 24 patients (53%), 13 patients (39%), The mucosal damage of Class Ⅰ malocclusion mainly concentrated in canine and bicuspid area. The mucosal lesions of Class Ⅱ and Ⅲ were mainly located in anterior teeth area. There was no significant correlation between mucosal damage and the type of malformation in molars. The main factors that cause mucosal damage are brackets, buccal tubes, ligature wire and arch wire. CONCLUSIONS: Different types of mucosal lesions have different mucosal lesions, and the causes of mucosal damage are different, and the treatment methods are also different.