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韩国国土面积狭小,仅9.9万平方千米,资源贫乏,人口众多,约4500万人,是世界上人口稠密的地区之一。第一次世界大战前,韩国被日本占领,沦为殖民地,经济畸型发展,成为日本的粮食、原料供应基地,工矿业十分落后。战后,日本工程技术人员撤走,韩国的工矿企业处于半瘫痪状态,再加上通货膨胀、物品短缺,国民经济进一步陷入混乱。直到50年代末期,韩国经济一直没有明显的发展。 60年代以后,韩国开始推行以“出口为主导”的经济开发战略,实行宏观调控发展计划,充分发挥自身的优势,利用有利的国际环境,及时调整其发展战略、经济政策、部门结构、产
South Korea’s small land area, only 99,000 square kilometers, resource-poor, large population of about 45 million people, is one of the world’s most populous regions. Prior to the First World War, South Korea was occupied by Japan and became a colony. As a result of its economic development, Japan became the country’s food and raw material supply base and the industry and mining industry lagged behind. After the war, Japanese engineers and technicians withdrew and the industrial and mining enterprises in South Korea were semi-paralyzed. Coupled with inflation and the shortage of goods, the national economy was further plunged into chaos. Until the late 1950s, there was no obvious development in the economy of South Korea. After the 1960s, South Korea began to implement the economic development strategy of “export-led” and implemented the macro-control development plan. It should give full play to its own advantages and make use of the favorable international environment to timely adjust its development strategy, economic policies, sectoral structure and production