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现有车辆的构成、技术状态及其可靠性,对保证铁路运输连续有节奏的工作,起着重要作用。因此,车辆制造者同铁路运输专家一直在共同研究改进车辆的结构及其技术-经济参数,提高制造质量。为了最大限度地满足国民经济对客运的需要,苏联现已制订了机车牵引的客车的车型发展规划,确定了客车技术经济论证一览表,其水平不亚于现国产车和外国车。在制订干线客车车型规划(见表)时以客运距离和使旅客具备最舒适的旅行条件和尽量减少疲劳的舒适度为划分车型的标准。客车分为三种类型:①长途卧车和国际车;②区间车(基本是白天运行);③高速列车。
The composition, technical status and reliability of existing vehicles play an important role in ensuring a continuous and rhythmical work on railway transportation. Therefore, vehicle manufacturers and railway transport experts have been working together to improve the structure of vehicles and their technical - economic parameters to improve manufacturing quality. In order to meet the needs of the national economy to passenger transport to the maximum extent, the Soviet Union has formulated a model plan for the development of passenger trains for locomotive traction and has determined a list of technical and economic feasibility studies for passenger trains, no less than the current domestic and foreign ones. The criteria for classifying vehicles are based on passenger distances and the most comfortable travel conditions for travelers and the comfort to minimize fatigue when formulating trunk bus models (see table). Passenger cars are divided into three types: ① long-distance sleepers and international cars; ② interval car (basic daytime operation); ③ high-speed train.