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目的了解余姚市养犬密度、犬伤后就诊情况和狂犬病知识的知晓情况,为加强狂犬病的防制提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,先在余姚市随机抽取5个镇(街道),之后在被抽取的镇(街道)中随机各抽取2个村(社区),以户为调查对象,采用入户面对面的方式进行问卷调查。调查数据采用EpiData3.0和SPSS11.5软件进行整理分析。结果共调查3000户,383户(12.77%)家庭养犬,平均犬密度为16.13只/100户,犬免疫率为63.43%,犬伤率为0.69%;犬伤规范处理率为75.00%;93.91%的人知道犬伤后需接种狂犬病疫苗,88.13%的人知道狂犬病是病死率极高的传染病,仅30.32%的人知道被犬咬伤后应用水冲洗伤口;知晓率调查结果显示,城区人群明显高于农村地区。结论余姚市农村地区犬密度较高,部分犬伤患者伤口处理不规范或未全程接种狂犬病疫苗,提示要加强居民狂犬病防治知识及控制全市养犬数量和提高犬免疫率。
Objective To know the dog’s awareness of dog’s density, dog’s post-traumatic visit and rabies knowledge in Yuyao, so as to provide a scientific basis for strengthening rabies prevention and control. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted. Five towns (streets) were randomly selected in Yuyao City. Two villages (communities) were randomly selected from the sampled towns (streets). Households were investigated. Households face to face way to conduct a survey. Survey data using EpiData3.0 and SPSS11.5 software for finishing analysis. Results A total of 3000 families and 383 families (12.77%) domestic dogs were investigated. The average dog density was 16.13 / 100, the dog immunization rate was 63.43%, the dog’s injury rate was 0.69%, the standard treatment rate of dog’s wounds was 75.00%, 93.91 88% of the people knew that rabies was an infectious disease with extremely high case fatality rate, only 30.32% knew that they should wash their wounds with water after being bitten by dogs. The survey results of awareness rate showed that urban areas The population is significantly higher than in rural areas. Conclusion The dog density in rural areas of Yuyao City is higher. Some of the canine wounds are not standardized or not vaccinated rabies vaccines. This suggests that it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge of resident rabies control and control the number of dogs in the city and raise the immunization rate of dogs.