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随着长壁采煤工作面的推进,覆盖层不断下沉,放顶和底鼓沟通了瓦斯联系通道,底板的瓦斯进入了长壁采空区。在上覆和下伏地层中瓦斯的压力通常比矿井周围空气的压力高,这样采矿就形成了天然的压力漏斗,瓦斯从总的扰动带中流入这一“漏斗”中。文特(1975年)把这个扰动带命名为瓦斯扩散场,由于瓦斯扩散场中瓦斯赋存带的数量及其瓦斯含量不同,长壁采空区每采出一吨煤,总的瓦斯涌出量可以从几米~3到一百米~3以上。因此长壁工作面需要强烈的新鲜风流通风,特别在冒落面上(包括未充填的采空区),空气损耗很大更需要进一步加强通风。老式的长壁工作面通风系统为“U”字型,新鲜空气被送入采空区运输顺槽,并由另一顺槽返回,流经采空区时空气大量损耗,在工作面回风巷的端部造成很高的瓦斯集聚,“y”型通风类型是把风送入采区顺槽的前部和后部,这在某种程度上减轻了上述弊端,但在大部分的长壁工作面上,一定的瓦斯
With the advancing of the longwall coal mining face, the cover layer continues to sink, and the top and bottom drums communicate with the gas communication channel. The gas from the bottom plate enters the longwall gob. The gas pressure in the overburden and the underlying formation is usually higher than the pressure of the air around the mine so that the mining creates a natural pressure funnel into which the gas flows from the total disturbance zone. Wenten (1975) named this disturbance zone as a gas diffusion field. Due to the different numbers of gas reservoirs and their gas contents in the gas diffusion field, each time a ton of coal is taken from the longwall goaf, the total gas emission The amount can be from a few meters to 3 to a hundred meters to 3 or more. Therefore, the longwall face needs strong fresh air ventilation, especially on the falling surface (including the unfilled goaf). The air loss is large and the ventilation needs to be further strengthened. Old-style longwall face ventilation system for the “U” shape, fresh air is sent into the goaf transport cistern, and returned by another cistern, a large loss of air flowing through the gob of air in the face back to the wind The ends of the lanes cause very high gas concentrations, and the “y” type of ventilation is to send the wind into the front and back of the pit, which somewhat alleviates the above drawbacks, but most of the long Wall face, a certain amount of gas