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骨钙素(boneγ-caboxyglutamic acid-containing protein,BGP)是由非增殖期成骨细胞特异合成与分泌的一种非胶原蛋白,BGP的与骨质疏松密切相关。过去研究认为胰岛素减少等原因使骨骼肌中的成骨细胞合成能力减弱,分泌BGP减少,可导致糖尿病患者发生骨质疏松,BGP是骨质疏松的生理指标。但目前研究认为BGP能够负反馈作用于胰岛β细胞,促进胰岛素的分泌,因此机体缺乏BGP时,胰岛β细胞胰岛素分泌较少和敏感性降低,葡萄糖耐量降低,β细胞量和leptin表达降低,可能加重糖尿病的发生发展。BGP的负反馈途径及其作用于其他内分泌器官的的受体也在进一步研究中。
Osteocalcin is a non-collagen protein that is synthesized and secreted by non-proliferating osteoblasts. BGP is closely related to osteoporosis. Past studies suggest that reduced insulin and other reasons skeletal muscle osteoblast synthesis capacity decreased secretion of BGP decreased, can lead to osteoporosis in patients with diabetes, BGP is a physiological indicator of osteoporosis. However, at present, it is thought that BGP can negatively affect the islet β cells and promote the secretion of insulin. Therefore, in the absence of BGP, pancreatic β cells have less insulin secretion and decreased sensitivity, impaired glucose tolerance, decreased β cell mass and leptin expression, Aggravate the occurrence and development of diabetes. The negative feedback pathways of BGP and its receptors for other endocrine organs are under further investigation.