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目的了解全军医疗机构法定传染病报告情况。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法在全军范围内抽取26家医疗机构对传染病漏报情况及报告质量进行调查分析。结果全军医疗卫生机构传染病总漏报率为21.40%,丙类传染病漏报率(31.48%)高于乙类传染病漏报率(19.59%),二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.78,P=0.000)。医疗机构中门诊、住院部、化验室传染病漏报率依次升高(χ2=65.99,P=0.000),分别为16.99%、24.42%和35.98%。军区总医院和中心级医院传染病漏报率分别为20.74%和22.17%,差异无统计学意义。两级医院在传染病报告卡报告质量方面无差异,但完整率和准确率均高于及时率。乙类传染病报告及时率(65.78%)高于丙类传染病(48.94%),二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.31,P=0.000)。结论全军传染病报告工作不容乐观。各级医疗机构应重视传染病疫情报告工作,加强其规范化管理。
Objective To understand the reported status of notifiable infectious diseases in military medical institutions throughout the country. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to survey 26 medical institutions within the whole army to investigate the situation of the omission of infectious diseases and the quality of the reports. Results The total rate of omission of communicable diseases in medical and health institutions in the PLA was 21.40%. The omission rate of communicable diseases of C (31.48%) was higher than that of B (19.59%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 16.78, P = 0.000). The omission rate of outpatient, inpatient and laboratory infectious diseases in medical institutions increased successively (χ2 = 65.99, P = 0.000), which were respectively 16.99%, 24.42% and 35.98%. The omission rate of communicable diseases in the General Hospital of the Military Command and the Central Hospital was 20.74% and 22.17% respectively, with no significant difference. There was no difference in the quality of reporting of infectious disease report cards at two levels of hospitals, but the completeness rate and accuracy rate were higher than the prompt rate. The reported prompt rate of Type B infectious diseases (65.78%) was higher than that of Type C infectious diseases (48.94%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 24.31, P = 0.000). Conclusion The PLA’s work on infectious disease reporting can not be optimistic. Medical institutions at all levels should pay close attention to the reporting of epidemic situation of infectious diseases and strengthen their standardized management.