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目的了解开平市新生儿破伤风(新破)流行病学特征,提出控制新破的策略和措施。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对开平市2004—2010年法定传染病报告系统和新破监测系统发病资料进行分析。结果 2004—2010年共报告37例新破,男婴28例,女婴9例,均为流动人口,年均发病率为0.70‰。死亡4例,男女各2例。发病时间在出生后的2～15 d,主要集中在5～7 d,占64.86%(24/37)。全年12个月均有病例发生。全市15个镇(区)有9个镇(区)有病例发生。按户籍分本省4例占10.81%,外省33例占89.19%。37名患儿母亲均无破伤风类毒素免疫史,所有患儿均为非法接生。结论开平市新破病例以流动人口为主,加强新破监测与流动人口孕产妇管理,及时对育龄妇女进行破伤风类毒素的预防接种,以有效地控制消除新破。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal tetanus (newly broken) in Kaiping City and to put forward the strategies and measures for controlling the new breach. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the reporting system of notifiable infectious diseases in 2004 and 2010 in Kaiping City. Results A total of 37 newly diagnosed cases were reported in 2004-2010. Among them, 28 were male and 9 were female, all of whom were floating population with an average annual incidence of 0.70 ‰. 4 cases of death, 2 cases of both men and women. The onset time was 2 ~ 15 days after birth, mainly in 5 ~ 7 days, accounting for 64.86% (24/37). All cases occur in 12 months. The city’s 15 towns (districts) 9 towns (districts) have cases. 4 cases accounted for 10.81% by province based on household registration, and 33 cases accounted for 89.19% by other provinces. None of 37 mothers with tetanus toxoid immunization history, all children were born illegally. Conclusions The newly-diagnosed cases of Kaiping City are mainly floating population, strengthen the monitoring of new breach and maternal management of floating population, and timely vaccination of tetanus toxoid in women of childbearing age in order to effectively control and eliminate new breach.