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在超声、机械和微波等条件下,用水合肼还原铁盐和镍盐制备出不同形貌和组分的FeNi合金纳米粒子.利用X射线衍射(XRD)验证了纳米粒子是FeNi合金的结晶结构,同时X射线能谱(EDS)测定的纳米粒子中Fe和Ni的原子组成与投料时Fe/Ni摩尔比基本吻合.利用扫描电镜(SEM)观测了FeNi合金纳米粒子的形貌,结果显示:超声条件下采用3种投料比(Fe/Ni的摩尔比分别为4∶1,1∶1和1∶4)均制得球形纳米粒子,粒径均介于50~120 nm之间;机械搅拌条件下按Fe/Ni等摩尔投料比制得的纳米粒子结构为表面乳突状、粒径约100 nm的纳米球;微波条件下按Fe/Ni等摩尔投料比制得了尺度分布较宽的立方体型FeNi合金纳米粒子.由此可见,控制反应条件和投料摩尔比直接影响到FeNi合金纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸.最后,利用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测定了各种FeNi合金纳米粒子在室温下的磁性能,所有FeNi合金纳米粒子均显示出良好的软磁材料特性.机械搅拌合成的Fe/Ni等摩尔投料比的纳米粒子具有最高的饱和磁化强度(92.68 A.m2/kg).
The FeNi alloy nanoparticles with different morphologies and compositions were prepared by hydrazine hydrate reduction of iron salt and nickel salt under ultrasonic, mechanical and microwave conditions.The XRD indicated that the nanoparticles were the crystal structure of FeNi alloy , While the atomic composition of Fe and Ni in the nano-particles determined by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) is in good agreement with the Fe / Ni molar ratio at the time of feeding.The morphology of the FeNi alloy nanoparticles was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Under the ultrasonic conditions, three kinds of feed ratios (molar ratios of Fe / Ni: 4: 1, 1: 1 and 1: 4, respectively) were used to prepare spherical nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 50 to 120 nm. Under the conditions of Fe / Ni molar ratio of the prepared nanoparticle structure of the surface of papillae, particle size of about 100 nm nanosphere; microwave conditions Fe / Ni molar ratio of prepared a wide distribution of cubes FeNi alloy nanoparticles.Thus, the control of reaction conditions and feed molar ratio directly affect the morphology and size of FeNi alloy nanoparticles.Finally, the use of vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) was measured for a variety of FeNi alloy nanoparticles in Magnetic properties at room temperature, all FeNi alloy nanoparticles were significant Excellent soft magnetic properties of the material. Molar feed ratio of nanoparticles synthesized mechanically stirred Fe / Ni and the like having the highest saturation magnetization (92.68 A.m2 / kg).