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理性、法、私人领域和公共领域这四个概念在哲学史上错综的关系形成了不同哲学理论。本文着力研究私人的法和公共的法在哲学史中的矛盾和融合。自古希腊开始,法和理性先后生发,城邦的法和个人的理性,即,公共领域和私人领域的矛盾开始凸现;而对于黑格尔及其代表的启蒙精神来说,理性和法乃是一种二而一的关系,两者都作为自由意志的体现才是对私人领域和公共领域矛盾的解决。
The four concepts of reason, law, private sphere and public sphere form different philosophical theories in the complicated relations in the history of philosophy. This article focuses on the contradictions and merger between the private law and the public law in the history of philosophy. Since the beginning of ancient Greece, the law and the law have developed, the law of the city and the individual’s rationality, that is, the conflicts between the public sphere and the private sphere have begun to emerge; while for the Enlightenment of Hegel and his representatives, reason and law are one The relationship of two to one, both of which are manifestations of free will, is the solution to the contradictions between the private sphere and the public sphere.