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海洋是个巨大的聚宝盆,最新资料表明:世界海水深度在300米以内的浅海区域,总面积达2800万平方公里,60%以上有希望找到石油。远在古代,人们对海陆变迁就有了认识,并提出了“沧海桑田”之说。但是,进一步探索海洋资源,勘探与开发海底石油,却还是近几百年特别是近几十年以来的事。1620年,苏格兰人从海底开发出了煤炭,作为开发海底资源的最早尝试。直到本世纪初,才在墨西哥湾建成世界上第一口海上采油井。七十年代以前,由于开发海底石油需要高昂的投资和复杂的技术
Ocean is a huge cornucopia, the latest data show that: the world’s water depths within 300 meters of shallow sea area, with a total area of 28000000 square kilometers, more than 60% hope to find oil. Far in ancient times, people became acquainted with the change of land and sea, and put forward the theory that “the sea and the sea”. However, further exploration of the marine resources and the exploration and development of seabed oil are still the last few centuries, especially in recent decades. In 1620, Scots developed coal from the seabed as the earliest attempt to exploit seabed resources. It was not until the turn of the century that the world’s first offshore oil well was built in the Gulf of Mexico. Before the seventies, due to the high investment and complicated technology required for the development of offshore oil