论被动属人原则

• 作 者: 马呈元
• 机 构: 中国政法大学 100088
• 出 处: 公安研究
• 发表日期: 2003年06期
• 关键词: 属人原则 属人管辖权 普通法系国家 恐怖主义犯罪 卡丁案 尤尼斯案 跨国犯罪 刑事管辖权 犯罪行为 国际犯罪

被动属人原则是国家根据受害人具有本国国籍的事实对外国人在外国实施的犯罪行使管辖权的一项原则。由于受到刑法属地原则的影响,普通法系国家曾对这项原则持保留态度。但随着跨国犯罪,特别是恐怖主义犯罪的日益猖獗,它们的立场也开始发生变化。许多国家的国内法和一些国际公约均规定了国家的被动属人管辖权,各国司法实践中也不乏其例。

The principle of passive human is a principle that the State exercises its jurisdiction over offenses committed by foreigners on the basis of the fact that the victim has its own nationality. Due to the principle of territoriality of criminal law, common law countries have reservations about this principle. However, as transnational crimes, especially terrorist crimes, have become increasingly rampant, their position has begun to change. The national laws of many countries and some international conventions have stipulated the passive personal jurisdiction of the country, and there are many examples in the judicial practice in various countries.