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目的了解深圳市罗湖区印鼠客蚤在月份和鼠种的分布,为深圳市灭蚤预防鼠疫提供依据。方法2008年1-12月在深圳市罗湖区某大型酒楼采用电捕鼠器每月捕鼠15只,调查染蚤率和印鼠客蚤指数,用x2比较不同鼠种染蚤率的差异显著性。结果共获2种鼠种194只,其中褐家鼠146只和黄胸鼠48只,鼠类雌雄性比为1:1.02(96/98),成幼比为2.59:1(140/54)。在捕获的194只鼠中97只体表携带406匹蚤,只有印鼠客蚤1个种属,蚤类雌雄性比为1:1.07(196/210)。家鼠平均染蚤率为50%,其中褐家鼠49%(72/146),黄胸鼠为52%(25/48),差异没有统计学意义(x2=0.11,P>=0.05)。家鼠染蚤率最大值为93%(14/15)在8月份,最小值为7%(1/15)在6月份。印鼠客蚤指数最大值为4.88,在9月份,最小值为0.20(3/15),在6月份,平均指数为2.09。褐家鼠和黄胸鼠的平均蚤指数分别是2.42和1.10。结论深圳市罗湖区蚤密度随季节而波动并呈春秋双高峰现象,褐家鼠作为印鼠客蚤的宿主动物比黄胸鼠重要。
Objective To understand the distribution of S. japonicum flea in month and rat species in Luohu District, Shenzhen, and to provide a basis for prevention of plague in Shenzhen. Methods From January to December in 2008, 15 large-scale electric restaurants were used in a large restaurant in Luohu District, Shenzhen. Fifteen mice were caught per month. The rates of flea infection and rat flea were tested. Sex. Results A total of 194 mice of two species were obtained, 146 of which were Rattus norvegicus and 48 of Rattus flavipectus. The ratio of female to male was 1: 1.02 (96/98), and the ratio of male to female was 2.59: 1 (140/54) . 97 of the 194 captured mice carried 406 fleas on the surface, only 1 species of fleas. The sex ratio of fleas was 1: 1.07 (196/210). The average flea infection rate was 50% in domestic rats, including 49% (72/146) in Rattus norvegicus and 52% (25/48) in Rattus flavipectus. The difference was not statistically significant (x2 = 0.11, P> = 0.05). The maximum rate of domestic flea flea was 93% (14/15) in August, the minimum was 7% (1/15) in June. The maximum value of the rodent flea index was 4.88. In September, the minimum value was 0.20 (3/15). In June, the average index was 2.09. The average flea index of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus were 2.42 and 1.10, respectively. Conclusion The density of flea in Luohu District of Shenzhen fluctuated with the seasons and presented a double peak phenomenon in spring and autumn. Rattus norvegicus was more important than Rattus flavipectus for its host animal as a host.