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Background:The incidence of congenital coronary artery anomalies (CCAAs) is different between ethnic groups,but there is no report about Uyghur CCAAs because of the limitation of inspection methods.This study determined the prevalence ofUyghur CCAAs and analysis the difference of CCAAs between Uyghur and Han ethnic groups by the method of multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCTCA).Methods:Seven thousand four hundred and sixty-nine MSCTCA were analyzed for the CCAAs retroactively,1934 were Uyghur patients while 4746 were Han patients.All the coronary artery images dates obtained by MSCTCA were evaluated for the CCAAs by two doctors.Results:Nineteen kinds of CCAAs were found:(1) The overall incidence of CCAAs was 2.72％ (203/7469) among all patients,2.34％ (111/4746) among Han patients whereas a significant higher 3.93％ (76/1934) among Uyghur patients (x2 =12.780,P ＜ 0.05); (2) the incidence of CCAAs among male patients was 2.48％ (76/3069) in Han while 4.33％ (56/1293) in Uyghur (x2 =10.663,P ＜ 0.05); (3) the incidence of CCAAs on the left side was 1.07％ (51/4746) among Han patients while 2.17％ (42/934) among Uyghur patients (x2 =12.047,P ＜ 0.05); (4) among these 19 kinds of CCAAs,there were significant differences of the incidence of the following kinds of CCAAs between Uyghur and Han:Left coronary artery (LCA) high location (x2 =8.320,P =0.004),right coronary artery (RCA) originate from left coronary sinus (x2 =5.450,P =0.020),and RCA originate from left Coronary sinus + LCA high location (P =0.024).Conclusions:There exists some difference in CCAAs between Uyghur and Han ethnic groups.The CCAAs incidence of Uyghur is higher than that of Han,especially in male patients and on the left side; among all kinds of CCAAs,the incidence of LCA high location,RCA originate from left coronary sinus,RCA originate from left coronary sinus + LCA high locations of Uyghur is higher than Han.