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[目的]探究黑龙江省、吉林省谷子种质资源的遗传基础和遗传多样性。[方法]利用黑、吉两省20个典型谷子品种及5对扩增良好且具有多态性的谷子SSR引物,分析各引物等位基因数、位点杂合度、Shannon′s指数(I)、有效等位基因数(Ne)及两省谷子品种聚类分析结果。[结果]每对引物检测出的等位基因数为4~6个,共得到26个等位基因,平均5.2个;各引物的多态信息含量(PIC)在0.645~0.767间变化,其中引物DG2831最高,引物QG7172最低。不同引物间位点杂合度、Shannon′s指数(I)、有效等位基因数(Ne)均存在差异,DG2831、JG13656分别是黑、吉两省的位点杂合度及多态信息含量最高的引物。对20个谷子品种进行聚类分析,在遗传相似系数在0.64处,20个谷子品种可聚为3大类。[结论]吉林省谷子品种基因多样性略比黑龙江省丰富;部分同地区的谷子品种聚为一类,说明不同地理来源的谷子资源,一部分品种的亲缘关系可能与地理来源有关。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore the genetic basis and genetic diversity of millet germplasm resources in Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province. [Method] The allele number, heterozygosity, Shannon’s index (I) and allele number of each primer were analyzed by using 20 typical millet varieties in Heilongjiang and Kyrgyzstan provinces and 5 pairs of SSR primers with good amplification and polymorphism. , The number of effective alleles (Ne) and cluster analysis of two provinces’ millet varieties. [Result] The number of alleles per primer pair was 4 ~ 6, a total of 26 alleles were obtained, with an average of 5.2. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer varied from 0.645 to 0.767. Among them, the primers DG2831 highest, lowest primer QG7172. There were differences in heterozygosity, Shannon’s index (I) and effective allele (Ne) between the two primers. DG2831 and JG13656 were the highest in heterozygosity and polymorphism Primer. Cluster analysis of 20 millet cultivars showed that 20 millet cultivars could be clustered into 3 groups at a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.64. [Conclusion] The genetic diversity of millet varieties in Jilin Province was slightly more abundant than that in Heilongjiang Province. Some millet cultivars in the same area clustered together, indicating that the millet resources of different geographical origins and the genetic relationship of some cultivars may be related to geographical origin.