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一、“喉舌论”的由来和发展在中国，最早提出喉舌论断的人当属梁启超，他最早把报纸性质概括为“耳目喉舌”，在实践中真正把报刊当作政治活动的武器。正是他明确提出了政党报纸的概念。可以说，“喉舌论”最初的提出便早已具有了浓厚的政治色彩，突出强调了新闻传媒的政治宣传功能。在这之后，政党报纸的理论在孙中山那里成为真正的办报指导原则。新中国成立后，我党提出的以马克思、恩格斯、列宁、斯大林、毛泽东新闻学说为核心的关于新闻事业性质的观点占有举足轻重的地位。毛泽东根据社会存在与社会意识的关系，指出报纸属于意识形态范畴，是一种上层建筑，是一定社会的经济基础通过新闻手段的反映。经过一段时
I. The Origin and Development of “Mouthpiece Theory” In China, the earliest person who put forward the assertion of mouthpiece was Liang Qichao. He first summarized the nature of the newspaper as a “mouthpiece” and in practice regarded the newspaper as a weapon of political activity. It is he who clearly put forward the concept of a political newspaper. It can be said that the original proposal of “Mouthpiece Theory” already has a strong political overtone, highlighting the political propaganda function of the news media. After that, the theory of political party newspapers became the guiding principle for running newspapers in Sun Yat-sen. After the founding of new China, our party’s position on the nature of journalism, with Marxism, Engels, Lenin, Stalin and Mao Zedong’s press theory as the core, occupies a pivotal position. According to the relationship between social existence and social awareness, Mao Zedong pointed out that newspaper belonged to the category of ideology and was an superstructure reflecting the economic foundation of a certain society through news means. After a while