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多年连作能够导致作物产量和农产品品质下降,严重制约着我国农业生产的可持续发展,已成为我国农业耕作的难题之一。研究表明,丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizae,AM)真菌能够改善连作土壤环境,提高植物吸收营养元素和水分的能力,诱导植物增强对连作土传病害的抗病性。探索AM真菌缓解连作障碍是近年生态学和农业生产中的研究热点。本文总结了AM真菌改善连作土壤环境、促进寄主植物对营养元素和水分的吸收、提高寄主植物的耐盐性、与病原菌竞争、与拮抗菌结合抗病、诱导植物产生防御性酶、调节次生代谢产物合成等方面的研究结果,分析了AM真菌缓解连作障碍的作用机制,旨在为今后研发AM真菌控制连作障碍的技术提供理论依据。
Continuous farming for many years can lead to the decline of crop yield and the quality of agricultural products, seriously restricting the sustainable development of agricultural production in our country, which has become one of the problems of agricultural cultivation in our country. Studies have shown that arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi can improve the continuous cropping environment, increase the plant’s ability to absorb nutrients and water, and induce plants to enhance their resistance to continuous soil-borne diseases. To explore AM fungi to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles is a hot topic in ecology and agricultural production in recent years. This paper summarizes that AM fungi can improve the environment of continuous cropping soil, promote the absorption of nutrient elements and water by host plants, enhance salt tolerance of host plants, compete with pathogenic bacteria, combine with antagonistic bacteria to resist disease, induce plant to produce defensive enzymes, regulate secondary Metabolite synthesis and other aspects of the research results, analysis of AM fungi mitigation of crop failure mechanism, aimed at the future research and development of AM fungi to control cropping obstacles provide a theoretical basis.