众里寻他千百度——重述青篙素的故事

• 作 者: 黎润红 张大庆 俞月圆
• 机 构: The School of Health Humanities,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China
• 出 处: 中国科学技术史（英文版）
• 发表日期: 2020年2期
• 关键词: antimalarial drugs artemisinin artemisinin-based compound drugs Tu Youyou

青蒿素是从中国传统药物青蒿(植物黄花蒿)中提取的全新化学结构的抗疟药物.目前,青蒿素及其衍生物,特别是与中国科学家化学合成的抗疟新药伍用复方已成为全球广泛应用于治疗疟疾的首选药物,为全球疟疾耐药性难题提供了有效的解决方案;在青蒿素类复方药物的应用为21世纪全球公共卫生伟大成就之一的遏止疟疾行动作出巨大贡献之时,青蒿素发现过程中的代表人物屠呦呦成为中国本土第一位荣获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的科学家.青蒿素的发现是在一个特殊的社会文化环境中基于中医药文献深入挖掘和现代药学研究手段相结合而完成的,是一个任务(“523”任务)带动科研和学科发展的典型案例,是国家需要与科学研究相互促进的结果.“,”With its novel chemical structure,artemisinin is an antimalarial component isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine qinghao(Artemisia annua L.).Nowadays,artemisinin and its derivatives are used compatibly with new synthesized chemical antimalarial compounds to create artemisinin-based combination therapies(ACTs).These have become the first choice in treating malaria p.f.all over the world,providing an effective solution for the global challenge of curing drug-resistant malaria.Among the five ACTs recommended by the WHO,two were initiated in China and are used as the first-line treatment of falciparum malaria in all malaria endemic areas.As the use of artemisinin-based compound drugs have made such significant contributions to rolling back malaria,regarded as one of the great achievements globally in public health of the early twenty-first century,Tu Youyou,one of the most important researchers in the discovery of artemisinin,was made the first Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine from the Chinese mainland.Artemisinin was discovered in a special social and cultural context through a combination of the exploration of traditional Chinese medical literature with the modem research approach of pharmaceutical sciences.This(Project 523)is a typical case of goal-oriented research leading to scientific advance,and the result of scientific research driven by the national needs.