论文部分内容阅读
在农业发达国家如澳大利亚对有机农业已进行大量研究,在涉及土壤管理和有机添加物的使用方面获得大量研究经验和成果。在土壤管理方面,澳大利亚通过对土壤实施禁牧措施恢复土壤物理状态,通过采用短期(3年内)及长期(3~10年)两种不同时间跨度对土壤物理性质进行研究观察和分析,结果表明,土壤实施长期的禁牧和停止农业生产可以有效改善土壤物理性质,尤其是土壤中大于30μm的孔隙度因禁牧而大量出现,明显提高了土壤的排水和吸收能力。此外,澳大利亚对各种有机添加物的施用量和效果进行了较多研究,发现有机添加物可改善土壤耕作性能;结合有机农业的周边产业,将其副产品转化为有机添加物,实现废弃资源再利用。广西有机农业的发展起步于20世纪末,目前在土壤管理方面的研究仍有不足,有关有机添加物的研究尚未与周边产业结合进行。今后,在广西有机农业的土壤管理中,须开始或保持禁牧;有机农业公司与本土周边产业进行合作利用,将生产废弃物制成有机添加物,从而循环利用生产资源。
Much research has been conducted on organic agriculture in developed countries such as Australia, gaining much research experience and results in the fields of soil management and the use of organic supplements. In the aspect of soil management, the soil physical status was restored by grazing ban in Australia. The physical properties of soil were observed and analyzed by adopting short-term (three years) and long-term (three to ten years) , The long-term grazing prohibition and the suspension of agricultural production in soils can effectively improve the physical properties of soils. In particular, the porosity of more than 30 μm in soils appears in large numbers due to grazing prohibition, which obviously improves the drainage and absorption capacity of soils. In addition, Australia has conducted more studies on the application rates and effects of various organic supplements and found that organic supplements can improve soil tillage performance. By combining the peripheral industries of organic agriculture, converting by-products into organic supplements to achieve waste resources use. The development of organic agriculture in Guangxi started at the end of the 20th century. At present, the research on soil management is still inadequate. The research on organic additives has not been carried out in combination with the surrounding industries. In the future, the management of organic farming in Guangxi should begin or be banned from grazing. Organic farming companies, in cooperation with the local industries, make the organic wastes from production waste to recycle the productive resources.