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本文用抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ对抗体阻断ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｎｅⅣ的方法，研究了ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ失活的移植神经段（长１０ｍｍ）植入大鼠坐骨神经后对再生轴突和非神经元细胞的作用和影响．实验结果显示：在移植神经段近端距近侧吻合口１ｍｍ处，术后１０ｄ抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组再生轴突数为对照组的５４％，术后１５ｄ增加到６６％，术后３０ｄ高达９４％．在移植神经段远侧距近侧吻合口９ｍｍ处，术后３０ｄ抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组再生轴突数为对照组的５８％。表明抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组再生轴突的生长启动和生长速度明显慢于对照组．巨噬细胞在移植神经段内的滞留数量抗ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ组明显多于对照组．这些结果揭示ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ在神经损伤和再生中对促进轴突的生长和维持神经微环境的平衡起着积极的作用．本文对ｃｏｌｌａｇｅｎｔｙｐｅⅣ在神经再生中的作用机制作了初步的分析和探讨。
In this study, the anti-collagentypeⅣ antibody was used to block the collagentyneⅣand the effect and mechanism of collagentyne Ⅳ on the axon regeneration and non-neuronal cells were investigated after implantation of the collagentypeⅣ inoculated nerve segment (10mm long) into the sciatic nerve. The experimental results showed that the number of axon regeneration in the anti-collagentypeⅣ group was 54% of the control group at 1mm proximal to the proximal anastomotic site and increased to 66% at 15th day and 94% at 30th day after transplantation. At 9 mm proximal to the proximal anastomosis, the number of axon regeneration in anti-collagentypeⅣ group was 58% of the control group. The results showed that the growth start-up and growth rate of regenegent axons in anti-collagentypeⅣ group were significantly slower than those in control group. The number of macrophages retained in the graft segment was significantly higher in the anti-collagentypeⅣ group than in the control group. These results reveal that collagentypeⅣ plays a positive role in promoting neurite outgrowth and maintaining the balance of neural microenvironment during nerve injury and regeneration. This article made a preliminary analysis and discussion on the mechanism of collagentypeⅣin neural regeneration.