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多年来在纵向压电换能器的设计中,对予应力的选择一直是人们感兴趣的研究课题。本文用直接外加法向应力和用力矩板手加应力两种方法测量在不同压力下压电换能器材料的应力与应变关系。结果表明两种方法所得的应力与应变关系符合较好。因此用这两种方法来控制予应力都是可行的。从压电元件弹性应变曲线和应力～应变曲线均观察到直线向弯曲部分过渡,从而可确定弹性形变范围,并可确定外加予应力最佳值。用本文确定的予应力最佳值对装配成的换能器进行了电声性能的测量,证明该换能器的性能良好,稳定性和一致性亦好,适用于多阵元布阵。
Over the years in the design of longitudinal piezoelectric transducers, the choice of prestress has been an interesting subject of research. In this paper, direct external normal stress and hand torque stress with two methods to measure the piezoelectric transducer material under different pressures stress and strain relationship. The results show that the stress and strain obtained by the two methods are in good agreement. Therefore, the use of these two methods to control the prestress are feasible. From the elastic strain curve and the stress-strain curve of the piezoelectric element, the straight-line transition to the bending part is observed, so that the elastic deformation range can be determined and the optimum value of applied pre-stress can be determined. Using the optimal pre-stress value determined in this paper, we measured the electro-acoustic performance of the assembled transducer, and proved that the transducer has good performance, stability and consistency and is suitable for multi-array element array.