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过大的残余应力容易导致圆筒拉深件应力腐蚀开裂失效。通过7组切环实验及有限元模拟研究了模具参数(凹模圆角半径和凸凹模间隙)对304不锈钢圆筒拉深件残余应力的影响,测得了各圆环的张开距离,采用ABAQUS有限元软件计算出圆筒件中的残余应力。结果表明:环向残余应力先随着凸凹模间隙的增大而增大,但当凸凹模间隙大于1.06t时,环向残余应力基本不受凸凹模间隙的影响;凹模圆角半径对筒形拉深件环向残余应力几乎没有影响;中部径向残余应力随着凸凹模间隙和凹模圆角半径的增大而增大。因此,选择较小的拉深间隙对减小304不锈钢圆筒拉深件中的残余应力是有效的。
Excessive residual stress easily lead to stress corrosion cracking of cylindrical drawing parts. The effects of die parameters (die fillet radius and punch-die clearance) on the residual stress of 304 stainless steel cylinder deep drawing parts were studied by seven sets of cutting experiments and finite element simulation. The open distance of each ring was measured. Using ABAQUS Finite element software calculates the residual stress in the cylinder. The results show that the circumferential residual stress firstly increases with the increase of the clearance between the punch and the die. However, when the clearance between punch and die is more than 1.06t, the circumferential residual stress is almost unaffected by the clearance between the punch and the die. The shape of the deep drawing ring to the residual stress has almost no effect; the central radial residual stress increases with the punch and die gap and die radius increases. Therefore, choosing a smaller depth of draw to reduce the residual stress in the 304 stainless steel cylinder draw is effective.