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支护巷道围岩冲击破坏及防治一直是采矿工程中难以解决的问题。对冲击应力波在支护巷道中的传播和衰减过程进行分析,分别得到了冲击应力波作用巷道围岩、刚性支护巷道和刚-柔耦合支护巷道发生破坏的应力判据和能量条件。采用低能爆炸加载方式,利用高速数据采集方法(数字散斑观测),对炮孔距离巷道顶部为200mm,硝铵炸药量为6.0g条件下裸巷和刚-柔耦合支护巷道冲击破坏过程进行监测,得到了裸巷和刚-柔耦合支护巷道表面散斑场变形破坏特征。试验结果说明了刚-柔耦合支护可有效缓冲动态载荷、吸收冲击能量,也为防治巷道冲击破坏提供了一种新方法。
Impacting destruction and prevention of surrounding rock in support roadway has been a difficult problem in mining engineering. The propagation and attenuation process of impact stress wave in supporting roadway are analyzed, and the stress criterion and energy condition of the surrounding rock of impact roadway, the roadway with rigid support and the roadway with rigid-flexible coupling are respectively obtained. Using low-energy explosive loading method and high-speed data acquisition method (digital speckle observation), the impact and destruction process of bare roadway and rigid-soft coupling roadway under the conditions of the blasthole distance of 200mm from the top of the roadway and the amount of ammonium nitrate explosive of 6.0g By monitoring, the deformation and failure characteristics of the speckle field on bare roadway and rigid-soft coupled roadway were obtained. The test results show that the rigid-flexible coupling can effectively buffer the dynamic load and absorb the impact energy, and also provide a new method for controlling the roadway impact damage.