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概述机体对遗传不同的移植组织是不相容的。胎儿-胎盘单位含有父母双方的ABO、Rh和组织相容性抗原,其相异部分是受母亲免疫攻击的潜在目标。母体通过多种机制耐受这种同种移植物,其中最重要的是:(1)在母亲胎儿结合处,有功能的滋养层抗原性减少,滋养层本身的抗原性显然被它的带负电的唾液粘蛋白层改变;(2)母亲和胎儿的血管和淋巴输送系统是分开的,这有助于减少接触移植抗原;(3)母亲产生某些针对滋养层抗原的封闭抗体导致免疫促进作用。封闭抗体或抗原-抗体复合物覆盖胎盘或胎儿抗原部位,使其不受母体淋
Overview The body is incompatible with different implanted tissue. The Fetal-Placenta contains ABO, Rh, and histocompatibility antigens from both parents, and the differences are potential targets for mothers immune challenge. The maternal body tolerates this allograft through a variety of mechanisms, the most important of which are: (1) reduced antigenicity of the functional trophoblast at the maternal fetal junction, and the antigenicity of the trophoblast itself is apparently negatively charged (2) the vascular and lymphatic delivery systems of the mother and the fetus are separated, which helps to reduce exposure to the transplanted antigen; (3) the mother produces some blocking antibody to the trophoblast antigen resulting in an immune-promoting effect . Blocked antibodies or antigen-antibody complexes cover the placenta or fetal antigen sites so that they are not exposed