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生物产量是指同化干物质的总重量,而收获指数,Donald 1962年定义为:子粒产量与生物产量的比值。它反映品种同化物质转化为经济产量的效率,一般用百分率表示。Donald指出:收获指数是探明品种高产基因型的一个很重要的指标。近年来,国外对生物产量和收获指数作了广泛研究,涉及水稻、小麦、燕麦、玉米、大豆等作物。对水稻的研究表明,一般高秆水稻品种,其收获指数为23.0—37.0％,而Chandler报导了一个新品种,它的收获指数是47.0—57.0％,使产量大幅度上升。IRRI研究指出:改良品种收获指数高,而且比较稳定,它与产量的相关系数r=0.5417,达到极显著水平,并认为高产品种一定有高的收获指数。
Biomass yield refers to the total weight of assimilated dry matter, while the harvest index, Donald 1962, is defined as the ratio of grain yield to biological yield. It reflects the efficiency of assimilation of the assimilates into economic output, expressed as a percentage. Donald pointed out that the harvest index is a very important indicator of proven high-yielding genotypes. In recent years, foreign countries have conducted extensive research on biomass yield and harvest index, involving rice, wheat, oats, corn, soybeans and other crops. Studies on rice showed that in general, high-yielding rice varieties had a harvest index of 23.0-37.0%, while Chandler reported a new variety whose harvest index was 47.0-57.0%, resulting in a substantial increase in yield. The IRRI study indicated that the improved variety has a high and stable harvest index, a correlation coefficient of r = 0.5417 with the yield, reaching a very significant level, and that high yielding varieties must have high harvest index.