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在互联网热潮中,信息化、智能化已经使城市空间发生了彻底的变化,也对传统通勤模型产生了深刻的影响。在综述前人经验和案例研究的基础上,从城市空间格局、城市通勤行为和城市公共交通等3个方面,考察了信息化技术对于传统通勤模型和城市移动性的影响。研究发现,信息技术和由此带来的时间碎片化,对于城市空间有着重要重塑作用,而关于其影响的程度目前存在着极大影响论、微弱影响论以及适度影响论等不同的观点。在传统通勤模型的基础上,信息化一方面会提供远程通讯支持而减少传统的出行机会,另一方面也会由于面对面交流的增加促进人们产生新的出行需求。互联网也带来人们通勤时间的碎片化,促使了公共交通方式的优势重新凸显;人们可以借助网络和移动智能终端进行多任务、多目的和灵活化的安排,并且具有更多根据实时交通情况进行交通决策的自主性。基于文献综述分析发现,相对于传统模型,信息化已经使城市居民的通勤行为发生了重要的变革,这为未来制定互联网时代的城市规划和交通政策提供了启示和借鉴。
In the Internet craze, informatization and intelligence have made a complete change in the urban space and have had a profound impact on the traditional commuter model. On the basis of previous experience and case studies, this paper examines the impact of information technology on traditional commuting models and urban mobility from three aspects: urban spatial pattern, urban commuting behavior and urban public transport. The study found that information technology and the resulting fragmentation of time have an important reshaping effect on urban space. Different degrees of influence, weak influence theory, and moderate influence theory currently exist on the extent of their impact. On the basis of the traditional commuter model, informatization will provide remote communication support to reduce the traditional travel opportunities on the one hand, and promote new travel demand due to the increase of face-to-face communication on the other hand. The Internet has also brought about a fragmentation of commuting time and promised to re-emphasize the advantages of public transport; people can make multitasking, multi-purpose and agile arrangements with the help of networks and mobile smart terminals and have more traffic based on real-time traffic conditions Decision-making autonomy. Based on the literature review, it is found that, compared with the traditional model, informatization has made important changes in commuting behavior of urban residents, which provides enlightenment and reference for the future formulation of urban planning and transport policy in the Internet era.