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为了探索少数民族计划生育工作现状和节育模式，调查了云南白族、贵州苗族地区2026例已婚妇女，结果显示白族、苗族计划生育工作成绩显著，育龄妇女节育比例均高于80％，云南白族以宫内节育器为主要避孕方法（62．03％），贵州苗族以男女绝育为主（76．62％）。Logistic多元回归分析显示夫妇的生育意愿、性别偏好、计生干部作用均影响是否采用绝育措施本道避孕方法较少、曾用避孕方法较多者倾向于绝育。两地相比，云南白族地区的计划生育工作较好，妇女避孕知识较多，自觉节育比例更大。鉴于今后计划生育全程服务和“知情选择”的推广，建议少数民族地区在继续推行现行的长效避孕方法（绝育和宫内节育器）的同时，积极宣传避孕知识，加强对群众生育观念的正确引导，增强基层计生技术力量，逐步向知情选择过渡。
In order to explore the current situation of family planning work and mode of birth control among ethnic minorities, 2026 married women in Yunnan Bai and Miao areas of Guizhou Province were investigated. The results showed that the Bai people and Miao people made remarkable achievements in family planning work, the proportion of birth control women in child-bearing age was higher than 80% IUD as the main method of contraception (62.03%), Guizhou Miao mainly male and female sterilization (76.62%). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the couple’s fertility intention, gender preference and family planning cadre influence the use of sterilization measures. There are less contraceptive methods and more contraceptive methods have the tendency to sterilize. Compared with the two places, the family planning work in Yunnan Bai region is better, with more women’s contraceptive knowledge and a greater proportion of conscious birth control. In the light of the promotion of family planning services and “informed choice” in the future, it is recommended that ethnic minority regions should actively promote contraception and strengthen the concept of mass birth while continuing to implement the current long-acting contraceptive methods (sterilization and intrauterine device) Guide and strengthen the grass-roots family planning technology, and gradually transition to informed choice.