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不明原因发热(fever of unknown origin,FUO)因其病因庞杂且缺乏特征性临床表现及实验室发现,成为临床中最难诊断的病症之一.近年来发射型正电子断层-计算机断层显像(positron emission tomography/computed tomo-graphy,PET/CT)技术发展迅速,其在发热待查病因学诊断、疾病分期、评估预后治疗效果等方面正发挥着日益重要的作用.本文就18 F-FDG PET/CT(18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography)在发热待查病因诊断上的价值以及进展进行综述,希望借此使临床医生了解并恰当使用这一分子成像技术提高发热待查的诊疗水平.“,”Fever of unknown origin ( FUO) become one of the most difficult of clinical diagnosis of disease, because of its eti-ology and lack of characteristic clinical manifestations and laboratory findings that confused. In current years, positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( PET/CT) technology has been rapidly developing, and its role in the diagnosis, staging, post-therapy evaluation of FUO is getting more imperative. This article reviews the value of 18 F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of FUO, whereby clinicians can understand the proper use of this molecular imaging modality to improve the diagnosis and treatment of FUO.