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目的了解上海市城区男性建筑工人的性行为特征、安全套使用情况及其影响因素,为大城市建筑工人的艾滋病性病防治策略提供依据。方法随机整群抽样选择上海两个城区12个工地的1 163名工人进行面对面问卷调查,内容包括人口学特征、工作和生活情况、艾滋病及安全套的知识和态度、性行为及安全套使用情况等。结果上海市城区男性建筑工人平均年龄(38.7±10.7)岁,小学及以下文化程度占22.0%,81.9%为已婚或同居;24.3%曾经有过多性伴,33.6%有过婚前性行为,10.5%有过婚外性行为,7.1%曾有商业性活动,而且73.7%很少或根本不使用安全套;年龄越大、每日工作时间越长的工人使用安全套的频率越低[比值比(Odds ratio,OR)分别为0.45和0.65]。安全套使用的促进因素为安全套能有效预防艾滋病的知识、性伴不愿使用安全套时能劝说其使用的技巧,以及知道从哪儿获得安全套,OR依次为1.96、3.94和3.33。结论男性建筑工人已成为大城市艾滋病/性病经性传播的重要桥梁人群,关注男性建筑工人并加大力度推广使用安全套已迫在眉睫。
Objective To understand the characteristics of male constructors’ sexual behavior, the use of condoms and their influencing factors in urban areas of Shanghai, and provide evidences for the prevention and control of AIDS venereal diseases among construction workers in big cities. Methods Random cluster sampling was conducted to select 1 163 workers from 12 sites in two urban districts of Shanghai to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey. The questionnaires included demographic characteristics, work and life conditions, knowledge and attitudes on AIDS and condoms, sexual behaviors and condom use. Results The average age of male construction workers in urban areas in Shanghai was (38.7 ± 10.7) years old, 22.0% of them had primary education and below, 81.9% were married or living together, 24.3% had excessive sexual partners, 33.6% had premarital sex, 10.5% had had extramarital sex, 7.1% had had commercial activity, and 73.7% had little or no condom use; the older, the lower the frequency of condom use among workers who worked longer hours [odds ratio Odds ratio, OR) were 0.45 and 0.65, respectively. The promotion of condom use was that condoms effectively prevented HIV / AIDS, condom uselessness when condom users did not want to use condoms, and where to get condoms, ORs were 1.96, 3.94 and 3.33, respectively. Conclusions Male construction workers have become important bridges in the transmission of AIDS / STDs in big cities. It is imminent to pay attention to male construction workers and step up promotion of condom use.